(2002). "Peering into the Future of Web-Based Services for Online Learners." Educational Pathways Free Trial Issue.

(2004). The Big One National Geographic.

(2005). Enhanced Offerings Appear to Drive Recent Price Increases, United States Givernment Accountability Office.

(2005). "Good ethics and good business." Synthesis - Law and Power in Higher Education.

(2006). Managing the Stress of Online Education. Second Annual International Forum for Women in E-learning. Galveston, TX.

Ad Hoc, C. o. A. (2004). A CDL Guide for Servicing on Assessment Committee: Standards of Good Practice.

Agle, B. R., Nandu, J.N, Sonenfeld, J.A., (2006). " "Does CEO Charisma Matter? An Empirical Analysis of the Relationships among Organizational Performance, Environmental Uncertainty, and Top Management Team Perceptions of CEO Charisma." :." The Academy of Management Journal 49((1)): 161-174.

Anderson, L. (2005). Clicks and bricks work together in the world of corporate teaching. FT

Andreozzi, J. and M. Bruno (unknown). Employee Orientation and Socialization.

Anonymous (2005). "Two Views of HR Leadership Excellence." LEADERSHIP 82(9): 6, 2 pgs.

Augier, M. (2006). "Making Management Matter: An Interview With John Reed." Academy of Management Learning and Education 5(1).

Balkundi, P. a. H., D.A. (2006). "Ties, Leaders, and Time in Teams: Strong Inference about Network Structure's Effectons on Team Viability and Performance." The Academy of Management 49(1): 49-69.

Barley, S. R. (2006). "When I write my Masterpiece: Thoughts on What Makes a Paper Interesting." The Academy of Management 49(1): 16-21.

Barley, S. R. K., G (2006). "Contracting: A New Form of Professional Practice." Academy of Management Perspectives 20(1): 45-67.

profile of contractors: itinerant experts and social pioneers who partook of a way of life and a culture of work that challenges the prevailing theories and entrenched practices of employment

Barnhart, A. (1994) Erving Goffman: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Volume, DOI:

Baron, R. A. (2006). "Opportunity Recognition as Pattern Recognition: How Entrepreneurs "Connect the Dots" to Identify New Business Opportunities." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(1).

Bates, T. (2000). Managing Technological Change: Strategies for College and University Leaders. Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series.

Baucus, D. and M. Baucus (2005) The Changing Shape of Corporate Universities. Innovate Volume, DOI:

Bebchuk, L. A. and J. M. Fried (2006). "Pay without Performance: Overview of the Issues." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(1).

Bedeian, A. G. (2007). "Even if the Tower is "Ivory," It Isn't White". Understanding the Consequences of Faculty Cynicism." Learning and Education - Academy of Management 6(1): 9-33.

Bell, A. H. S., D.M. (2003). Learning Team Skills. New Jersey, Pearson Education.

Bellel, A. H. (unknown). ""e-Learning and Assessment Strategies for Faculty and Institutions of Higher Learning."

Bluedorn, A. C., & Standifer, R.L. (2006). "Time and the Temporal Imagination." Academy of Management Learning & Education 5(2): 196-207.

Bolman, L. G. and T. E. Deal (2003). Reframing Organizations - Artistry, Choice, and Leadership, Jossey-Bass.

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Bonvillain, N. (2001). Industrial Economy: The United States, Prentice Hall.

Brodbeck, F. C., Kerschreiter, R., Mojzisch, A., and Schulz-Hardt, S. (2007). "Group Decision Making Under Conditions of Distributed Knowledge: The Information Asymmetries Model." The Academy of Management Review 32(2): 459-480.

Brooks, L. (2004) How the Attitudes of Instructors, Students, Course Administrators, and Course Designers Affects the Quality of an Online Learning Environment. Volume, DOI:

Brouwer, S. (2002). Crown of Thorns, Tyndale House.

Bugeja, M. (2006). "The E-genda Stalks an Administrator on Vacation." The Department Chair 17(1): 18-22.

Buzhart, J. and G. Semb (2005). "Integrating Online Instruction in a College Classroom to Improve Cost Effectiveness." Teaching of Psychology 32(1).

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Crane, K. (2005). Yoga in the classroom. UAE.

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Crossman, B. (2005). Re: LLL - your article and follow up.

Cruz, V. H. (1973). Mainland.

Cummings, T. and D. Rousseau (2006). "Various Articles." The Academy of Management News 37(1).

Cummings, T. G. (2006). "Academy of Management Code of Ethics." Academy of Management

Distance Education, R. (2004) Online Teaching. Volume, DOI:

Doelger, M. (2003). "The Dog Ate My Works Cited Page" and other tales from the Academic Judiciary, Faculty Senate Bulletin.

Erdogan, B., Liden, R.C, and Kraimer, M.L. (2006). "Justice and Leader-Member Exchange: The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture." the Academy of Management Journal 49(2): 395-407.

Erlanger, S. (2005). A Grande Dame of a Bygone Jerusalem. The New York Times

Fishman, C. (2006). "The Wal-Mart Effect and a Decent Society: Who Knew Shopping Was So Important?" The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(3): 6.

Freeman, R. E. (2006). "The Wal-Mart Effect and Business, Ethics, and Society." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(3): 38.

Frenette, L. and N. Y. T. Staff (2004). Addressing gaps in performance, civil rights. Official Publication of New York State United Teachers.

Gerardi, J. (2006). Sloan-C Workshop on Blended Learning and Higher Education, Chicago, IL.

Gerulat, D. R. W. (2005). Generational Marketing.

Ghemawat, P. (2006). "Business, Society, and the "Wal-Mart Effect"." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(3): 41.

Goffman, E. (1959). "The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life."

Goodpaster, K. E. (unknown). "Teaching and Learning Ethics by the Case Method."

Harrison, R. (2006). "In Search Of Right And Wrong." TESOL Arabia Perspectives 13(2).

Hinds, P. and S. Kiesler (1995). "Communication across Boundaries: Work, Structure, and Use of Communication Technologies in a Large Organization." Organization Science 6(4): 373-393.

Recent popular and theoretical literature emphasizes the significance of communication technology for collaboration and information sharing across organizational boundaries. We hypothesize that due to the collaborative nature of their work and the way they are organized in work groups, technical employees, as compared with administrative employees, will communicate laterally, and will use the telephone and email for this purpose. We studied technical and administrative employees in seven departments of a large telecommunications firm. From logs of communication over two days, we examined vertical and lateral communication inside and outside the chain of command and department, and the use of telephone, email, and voice mail for this communication. Technical employees did have more lateral communication than administrators did, but all lateral communication (not just that of technical employees) tended to be by telephone. Over 50% of employees' communication was extradepartmental; extradepartmental communication, like lateral communication, tended to be by telephone. When employees used asynchronous technology, technical employees used email whereas administrators, especially those at high levels, used voice. Differential boundary-crossing by technical and administrative employees could be explained in part by the flatter structure of the technical work groups. Our results are consistent with Powell (1990), Barley (1994) and others who have argued that the rise of technical work and the horizontal organization of technical workers increases collaboration and nonhierarchical communication. Organizations can encourage communication flows across organizational boundaries by strengthening horizontal structures (for technical workers, especially) and supporting old and new technology use by all employees.

Hirschhorn, L. and L. May (2000). The Campaign Approach to Change. Change.

Homburg, C. and A. Furst (2005). "How Organizatinal Complaint Handling Drives Customer Loyalty: An Analysis of the Mechanistic and the Organic Approach." Journal of Marketing 69(3).

Hotz, R. L. (unknown). Same Difference? Los Angeles Times-Washington Post.

Hunter, A. (2006). The Dark Roots. Village Voice.

Javidan, M., P. W. Dorfman, et al. (2006). "In the Eye of the Beholder: Cross Cultural Lessons in Leadership from Project GLOBE." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(1).

Jin, H. (1990). Between Silences - A Voice From China.

Johnson, M. D., Hollenbeck, J.R., Humphrey, S.E., Ilgen, D.R., Jundt, D., Meyer, C.J. (2006). "Cutthroat Cooperation: Asymmetrical Adaptation of Team Reward Structures." The Academy of Management 49(1): 103-121.

Joshi, A. (2006). "the Influence of Organizational Demography on the External Networking Behavior of Teams." The Academy of Management Review 31(3): 583-596.

Kanter, R. M. (2006). Back to College. AARP.

Keeton, M. T. (2004). "Best oNline Instructional Practices: Report of Phase I of an Ongoing Study." JALN - Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks 8(2).

Kellaway, L. (2006). Do what you like. Gulf News.

Kemp, L. J. (2006). "Learning about Teamwork in an Online Study Environment." Journal of ONline Learning and Teaching 2(1): 30-41.

Kidder, T. (1981). The Soul of a New Machine. Boston, Little, Brown & Co.

ethnography of organizational behavior bringing a new product to market

Klimoski, R. (2006). "Introduction: It's About Time." Academy of Management Learning & Education 5(2): 194-196.

Klimoski, R. (2006). "Introduction: Aristotle as a Business Ethics Professor." Academy of Management Learning and Education 5(1).

Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Ilgen, D.R. (2006). "Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams." Association for Psychological Science 7(3): 77-124.

Labor, U. D. o. (2003). Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2003, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Leiter, A. (2001) W.E.B. Du Bois (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963 - The Souls of Black Folk; Essays and Sketches. Volume, DOI:

Lencioni, P. (2002). The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, a leadership fable. San Francisco.

London, S. (2005). Thirst for knowledge seems to be key to Chinese success. Gulf News.

Malhotra, A., Majchrzak, A. & Benson, R. (2007). "Leading Virtual Teams." Academy of Management Perspectives: 60-70.

Markus, M. L. (1994). "Electronic Mail As the Medium of Managerial Choice." Organization Science 5(4): 502-527.

As new technologies that support managerial communication become widely used, the question of how and why managers, especially senior managers, use them increases in importance. This paper examines how and why managers use electronic mail. Today, one of the more influential theories of media choice in organization and information science is information richness theory, which has stimulated much empirical research on media selection and has clear implications for how managers should use media. Despite numerous modifications and elaborations, information richness theory remains an individual-level rational choice explanation of behavior, and as such it differs fundamentally from theories that emphasize the social context of managers' communication and media choice behavior. While the weight of informed opinion seems to be shifting toward social theories of media selection and use, much empirical research continues to test individual-level rational choice models. A multi-method investigation was designed to assess the power of information richness theory, relative to alternative social theories, to explain and predict managers' use of email. Managers were found to perceive various media in ways that were relatively consistent with information richness theory, but to use email more and differently than the theory predicted. In particular, effective senior managers were found to use email heavily and even for equivocal communications tasks. These results cannot be explained by information richness theory or by simple modifications of the theory. Rather, they suggest that the adoption, use, and consequences of media in organizations can be powerfully shaped by social processes such as sponsorship, socialization, and social control, which require social perspectives to understand them. These processes can result in differences across organizations and other social units in the patterns of using traditional media like the telephone, but such differences are even more likely for new media, like electronic mail.

Mathieu, J. E. and W. Schulze (2006). "The Influence of Team Knowledge and Formal Plans on Episodic Team Process-Performance Relationships." The Academy of Management Journal 49(3).

McKelvey, B. (2006). "Response--Van de Ven and Johnson's "Engaged Scholarship": Nice Try, But..." The Academy of Management Review 31(4): 822.

Mehri, D. (2006). "The Darker Side of Lean: An Insider's Perspective on the Realities of the Toyota Production System." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(2).

Ng, C.-h. (2006). "The role of achievement goals in completing a course assignment: examining the effects of performance-approach and multiple goals." Open Learning 21(1).

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Perretti, F. N., Giacomo (2006). "Filling Empty Seats: How Status and Organizational Hierarchies Affect Exploration Versus Exploitation in Team Design." The Academy of Management Journal 49(4): 759.

Piccolo, R. F. C., J.A., (2006). "Transformational Leadership and Job Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Core Job Characteristics." The Academy of Management Journal 49(2): 327-341.

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Polzer, J. T. C., C. Brad; Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L.; Kim, Jerry W. (2006). "Extending the Faultline Model to Geographically Dispersed Teams: How Colocated Subgroups Can Impair Group Functioning." The Academy of Management Journal 49(4): 679.

Pudelko, M. (2006). "Some Good Recipes for Globalization - But Quite a Few Ingredients Are Missing." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(2).

Rahman, S. (2005). Overweight baggage ban from November 1. Gulf News. Dubai.

Ravasi, D. and M. Schultz (2006). "Responding to Organizational Identity Threats: Exploring the Role of Organizational Culture." The Academy of Management Journal 49(3).

Romero, E. J. and K. W. Cruthirds (2006). "The Use of Humor in the Workplace." The Academy of Management Perspectives 20(2).

Rothman, D. (2006). "E-Books: Why They Matter for Distance Education-and How They Could Get Much Better." Innovate 2.

Rousseau, D. (2006). "Presidential Address: Is there such a thing as "Evidence-Based" Management." The Academy of Management Review 31(2): 256-270.

Sanchez, R. J., T. N. Bauer, et al. (2006). "Peer-Mentoring Freshmen: Implications for Satisfaction, Commitment, and Retention to Graduation." Academy of Management Learning and Education 5(1).

Schoorman, R. D. M., R.C., & Davis, J.H. (2007). "An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust: Past, Present, and Future." The Academy of Management Review 32(2): 344-355.

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Sewell, G. and J. R. Barker (2006). "Coercion Versus Care: Using Irony to Make Sense of Organizational Surveillance." The Academy of Management Review 31(4): 934.

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Shaw, J. P. (2005). The Web of Interconnected Stories or Where the Narrative Is.

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Simpson (2006). "Masculinity and Management Education: Feminizing the MBA." Academy of Management Learning & Education 5(2): 182-194.

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Stewart, A. C., S. S. Black, et al. (2006). A Situated Learning Approach to Teaching Leadership: Comparing the Impact of Traditional Pedagogy and Game-Based Pedagogy on Undergraduates. The National Academy of Management. Atlanta, GA.

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Suddaby, R. (2006). "From the Editors: What Grounded Theory Is Not." The Academy of Management Journal 49(4): 633.

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Van de Ven, A. H. and P. E. Johnson (2006). "Knowledge for Theory and Practice." The Academy of Management Review 31(4): 802.

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